Several strategies to target TGF-β network in PAH had been developed, including selective TGF-β ligand trap to reverse PH [8], blockade of the TGF-β1-3 and its receptor to reduce Schistosoma mansoni–induced PH [19], BMPRII activation by FK506 [20], and reduction of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation by treatment with BMP-2 agonist [21]. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is pulmonary arterial hypertension.