IRS1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Using two different type 2 diabetes models, the first obtained by downregulating genes involved in insulin signaling such as InR, chico (IRS1), and Akt1, and the second by feeding wild type flies with a high sugar diet (Musselman et al., 2011), we showed that the treatment of larval neuroblasts with the strong PLP inhibitor 4-DP produced a very high CAB frequency ranging from 60 to 80% (vs. 25% in wild type cells).