The result obtained from human studies on MS patients corroborated with the experimental studies where HMGB1 and its receptors (RAGE, TLR2, and TLR4) were up-regulated in CSF of MS patients implicating that RAGE, TLR2, and TLR4 actively participate in an inflammatory, innate immune response driving and shaping the ensuing adaptive immune response during MS (Andersson et al., 2008). The gene discussed is TLR4; the disease is myeloid sarcoma.