Particularly, the increased level of cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) [7] and IL-1β [8] in cerebrospinal fluid from epilepsy patients and the aggravating effect of IL-1β, one of the most important proinflammatory cytokines in experimental models of epilepsy [9], suggest that the studies on inflammatory factors that are involved in epileptogenesis can bring new insights into the molecular mechanisms of epilepsy. The gene discussed is IL6; the disease is epilepsy.