However, a GSEA and the investigation of our reconstructed GAN revealed evidence for specific involvement of the four signature genes in pathways associated with poor clinical outcome and therapy resistance in HNSCC: for example, the EGFR/PIP3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, involved in numerous cancer‐related processes including cell cycle progression and apoptosis, is frequently altered in HNSCC and linked to therapeutic failure (Freudlsperger et al., 2011; Niehr et al., 2018). This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.