Both anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibodies (279) and anti-CCP producing B cells (280) have been detected in the synovial fluid of RA patients and antibodies against different citrullinated RA candidate antigens (vimentin, type II collagen, fibrinogen and α-enolase) appear to be enriched in the joint compared to paired serum (281). Here, VIM is linked to rheumatoid arthritis.