For instance, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)-secreted miR-223-containing exosomes (BMSC-exo) prevent liver injury in an autoimmune hepatitis mouse model by suppressing hepatic NLRP3 and caspase 1, and modification of miR-223 further improves its therapeutic efficacy against autoimmune hepatitis86. The gene discussed is CASP1; the disease is autoimmune hepatitis.