NKX2-1 and carcinoma: Evidence indicates that the lncRNA NKX2-1-AS1 is specifically detected in carcinoma cell lines of lung origin22 and, like the adjacent protein-coding gene NKX2-1, is highly expressed in primary lung adenocarcinomas compared to squamous carcinomas11,21,23 and in some small cell carcinomas24, but its contribution to lung tumorigenesis is not well understood.