Moreover, expression of TLR2 is enhanced in the hindbrain of mice infected with HSV-2 (Boivin et al., 2002) whereas TLR2 activation during acute HSV-1 encephalitis in neonatal and adult mice significantly boost the inflammatory damage in the nervous tissue (Kurt-Jones et al., 2004; Aravalli et al., 2005). The gene discussed is TLR2; the disease is viral encephalitis.