Alike our findings in the ENS, IL-17 significantly increased in abscesses of the central nervous system in TLR2ko mice (Kielian et al., 2005; Stenzel et al., 2008; Nichols et al., 2009), suggesting that the Tc17 infiltrate compensates the loss of TLR2-dependent signals in controlling infections. The gene discussed is TLR2; the disease is infection.