TLR2 and viral infectious disease: Indeed, in the central nervous system TLR2 is essential for expression of inflammatory cytokines (i.e., TNF-α and IL-6) and chemokines by monocytes (i.e., CCL2), lymphocytes (i.e., CCL22 and CCL27) and neutrophils (i.e., RANTES) during viral infection (Aravalli et al., 2005; Zhou et al., 2008).