Among 12 patients with available matched paired tumor biopsies (cohorts 5, 6, 7, and 9; n = 3 each), GITR expression was detected in pretreatment samples but not in posttreatment samples, and there was generally no evidence of CD8+ T-cell infiltration or granzyme B activation posttreatment (Fig. 3b; Additional file 2). Here, TNFRSF18 is linked to neoplasm.