An ongoing phase III study is evaluating the efficacy of avelumab in combination with a variety of agents for relapsed or refractory DLBCL patients; these agents include utomilumab (anti-4-1BB/CD137), rituximab, azacitidine, bendamustine, gemcitabine, and oxaliplatin, (NCT02951156). Here, TNFRSF9 is linked to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.