HIF1A and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: HIF-1α deficiency in the airway epithelium also significantly reduced the number of visible tumors on the lung surface of CC-LR mice by >50% (2.2-fold) after inducing COPD-like airway inflammation using 8 weekly NTHi lysate exposures (162 ± 5 in CC-LR NTHi treated vs 72 ± 7 in LR/HIF-1αΔ/Δ NTHi treated) (Figure 2A, 2B).