Regarding the pathophysiology of VM/MD-OS, neurogenic inflammation caused by migraine episodes might affect inner ear function because the trigeminal nerve innervates the blood vessels in the inner ear, and transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV-1), a nociceptor, was detected in the human endolymphatic sac (23, 24). The gene discussed is TRPV1; the disease is migraine disorder.