PHGDH and cancer: We next compared the expression of PHGDH across multiple non-transformed and cancer cell lines from different lineages, including cell lines which are known to harbor high levels of PHGDH5,28 (non-transformed: IMR90 and WI38; lung carcinoma: H1299 and A549; breast carcinoma: MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468) and a human breast cancer progression model that was developed to directly compare the differential aspects of “normal” (HMLE), “cancerous” (HMLER) or CSLC (HMLERshECad) phenotypes15 with the NT2/D1 ECSLC line.