LDHA and neoplasm: Given the importance of glycolytic metabolism and its metabolites on the immune response [12, 13] and on tumor progression [2, 14–17], and the effect of lactate on the activation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) [18–20], we have explored the effect of LDH-A knockdown on HIF-1 responses by introducing HIF-1 reporters into tumor cells.