CAFs play an important role in tumor progression.39, 46, 47 The coinjection of CAFs with tumor cells enhanced tumor formation which was uncommon after the coinjection of these tumor cells with normal fibroblasts.46, 47 Therefore, we have addressed the question whether isolated fibroblasts can acquire the characteristic of CAFs when coincubated with cytotoxic cagA+vacA+ strain of H. pylori. This evidence concerns the gene S100A8 and neoplasm.