IFNG and infection: The Th1/Th2 balance can be evaluated by the ratios of their polarizing cytokines (i.e., interferon [IFN]-γ/interleukin [IL]-4), and animals with imbalanced Th1/Th2 response (Th1/Th2 polarization) may become more susceptible to certain kinds of infection (Owen et al., 2013; Raphael et al., 2015; Tizard, 2013b).