Although these data suggest that HIF-1 might have therapeutic potential in liver steatosis during NAFLD, future studies are needed to clarify the pathological significance of HIF-1 in the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and fibrosis because HIF-1 has diverse and complicated roles in the regulation of inflammation and tissue remodeling in different organs. The gene discussed is HIF1A; the disease is fatty liver disease.