To address this question, we first focused on ΔNLS-TBPH that accumulates in the cytoplasm, leads to nuclear TBPH depletion and causes age-related neurodegeneration (Supplementary Fig. 7), thus recapitulating disease-related TDP-43 pathology that also characterizes the majority of C9ALS/FTD cases. The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is frontotemporal dementia.