PDCD1 and Sepsis: This indicates that the PD‐1/PD‐L1 axis is present and may be dysregulated in human sepsis.11, 48 In oncology, anti‐PD‐1 and anti‐PD‐L antibody therapy have been used successfully to treat various tumors.49 These data indicate that blocking the PD‐1/PD‐L1 axis is a promising target for restoring immune function in human sepsis.