Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that sex [odds ratio (OR), 2.573; 95% CI, 1.689–3.920], emphysema (OR, 0.202; 95% CI, 0.110–0.368), maximum diameter (OR, 0.357; 95% CI, 0.235–0.542), the fibrosis (OR, 0.168; 95% CI, 0.083–0.339) and pleural retraction (OR, 2.170; 95% CI, 1.434–3.285) were important predictors of EGFR exon 19 mutation, where the AUC of ROC was 0.655, 0.621, 0.618, 0.612, and 0.587, respectively (Fig. 3). Here, EGFR is linked to pulmonary emphysema.