Specifically, a phase II study of the PD-1 (anti-programmed cell death protein 1) antibody pembrolizumab in patients with brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer and melanoma (NCT02085070) was published showing that a durable brain metastasis response was achieved in 22% of patients with melanoma and 33% of patients with NSCLC (50). This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.