PFKFB3 and breast cancer: PFKFB3 is constitutively overexpressed in different cancer cell lines and in several human leukemias and solid tumors (140, 141), including ovarian and thyroid carcinomas (142), colon adenocarcinoma, breast cancer, gastric tumors and pancreatic cancer (73, 87, 111, 113, 143), and has been associated with lymph node metastasis and the TNM stage (143).