While, the most commonly mutated gene in DBA patients is RPS19 (Draptchinskaia et al., 1999; Campagnoli et al., 2008), germ-line mutations in genes encoding both small and large components of the ribosomal subunits (RPS24, RPS17, RPS7, RPS10, RPS26 and RPL35A, RPL5, RPL11, RPL26, respectively) have also been described (Farrar et al., 2011; Gazda et al., 2012). The gene discussed is RPS19; the disease is Diamond-Blackfan anemia.