Chymase inhibition also reduced lethal arrhythmia 8 h after myocardial infarction in dogs, similarly to an angiotensin receptor antagonist, and reduces cardiomyofibrillar loss in a mitral regurgitation model of heart failure in this animal model (Jin et al., 2004; Pat et al., 2010). Here, CMA1 is linked to mitral valve insufficiency.