One of the pathways activated by monocytes to restrain viral infections is OAS/RNase L. Moreover, myocyte necrosis, which is typically observed in inflammatory myopathies [56,57], could induce monocyte infiltration [55,56,58], the subsequent maturation and production of chemokines that are able to localize T lymphocytes [59] with consequent production of gamma IFN [59], and the activation of OAS genes. This evidence concerns the gene RNASEL and viral infectious disease.