These results demonstrate that icaritin significantly reduces the number of bone marrow megakaryocytes, improves bone marrow megakaryocyte hyperplasia, downregulates the expression of TPO and MPL protein, and inhibits the expression of p-Stat3 in the JAK2/Stat3 signaling pathway in ITP mice. This evidence concerns the gene MPL and autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura.