One of the unique features of this finding is that the ratio of Alb-E2-3,4-Q adducts to Alb-E2-2,3-Q adducts was 2:1 in breast cancer patients but 1:2 in healthy women, whereas the ratio of Hb-E2-3,4-Q adducts to Hb-E2-2,3-Q adducts in both breast cancer patients and healthy women was 2:1. This evidence concerns the gene GSTM1 and breast cancer.