Interestingly, spontaneous mutations in TUBG1 are associated with lissencephaly and microcephaly, which are two of the most common brain malformations that can lead to mental retardation and neurological morbidity in children.91,92TUBG1 gene mutations in this context cause changes in the amino acids Tyr92Cys, Thr331Pro, and Leu387Pro. The gene discussed is TUBG1; the disease is cerebral malformation.