FGFR3 and urinary bladder cancer: FGFR3 is a member of a structurally related family of tyrosine kinase receptors that orchestrate a diverse variety of cellular activities, including proliferation, differentiation and survival.36 While the FGFR3 gene is one of the most frequent genetic alterations seen in bladder cancer, aberrant activation is also seen in chromosomal rearrangements of FGFR3 with potential fusion partners, such as TACC3 (transforming acid coiled coil 3).4 FGFR3–TACC3 translocations generate constitutively activated and oncogenic FGFR3 kinase protein products.