For example, liver cancer and kidney cancer show high level of ALDH1A1 (Fig. 8d, f), whereas breast cancer (Fig. 8a), ovary cancer (Fig. 8c), skin cancer (Fig. 8e), pancreatic cancer (Fig. 8g), and esophagus cancer (Fig. 8h) express higher level of ALDH1A3. This evidence concerns the gene ALDH1A1 and kidney cancer.