INS and metabolic syndrome: High blood FFA levels are seen in obesity (69), insulin resistance (70), type 2 diabetes mellitus (71), cardiovascular disease (72) and hepatic steatosis (73), and moreover, interventions to decrease circulating fatty acid levels have shown great therapeutic value in improving insulin sensitivity, normalizing glucose homeostasis in type-2 diabetes mellitus and correcting dyslipidemia in cardiovascular complications (74).