Building on these promising animal studies, ex-miRNAs were measured in the serum of DMD patients treated with eteplirsen (a naked phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligonucleotide [PMO] antisense oligonucleotide designed to induce skipping of DMD exon 51) for 12 weeks, whereby a trend toward therapeutic restoration was observed that did not reach statistical significance.24 The gene discussed is DMD; the disease is Duchenne muscular dystrophy.