The Western blots results indicated that IUGR significantly lowered hippocampal Casp3 expression [35-kDa pro-Casp3, 19-kDa and 17-kDa cleaved caspase-3] (P < 0.05, 0.01, and 0.05, respectively) and increased SIRT1 and PI3K expression (P < 0.05 and 0.01, respectively) [Fig. 3b]. The gene discussed is CASP3; the disease is fetal growth restriction.