SCD and diabetes mellitus: In our opinion, the observed increase of cis-VA content is a sign of increased metabolic transformation of palmitic acid through the stearoyl-CoA-desaturase (Δ9-desaturase) and elongase activities in GDM women (see Fig 1), and the cis-VA can be transferred to the fetus, thus predisposing it to the enzymatic induction of the biosynthesis of palmitoleic acid, which is already marked as risk a factor for metabolic abnormalities and new onset of diabetes [28].