Patients with low or normal Hb levels (26/31, 84%) had an average tumor size of 0.70 cm3, which differed significantly from patients with elevated Hb levels (4/31, 16%), who had an average solid tumor size of 8.0 cm3 (p < 0.0001; CI: 5.314 to 9.299) (Fig. 2). Here, GSTM1 is linked to neoplasm.