The present study demonstrated that although the clinical practice scoring systems such as SOFA and APACHE showed good diagnostic and prognostic ability, a panel of serum/urinary NGAL and serum calprotectin and SOFA score raised the AUROC to 1.000 in diagnosing septic AKI and to 0.911 in predicting in-hospital mortality. This evidence concerns the gene LCN2 and acute kidney injury.