The authors proposed that NLRP3 inflammasome-induced IL-1β expression by macrophages contributed to necrotic hepatocyte death and release of IL-33, which in turn induced expression of the pro-fibrotic cytokine IL-13 in macrophages that might promote HSC activation, fibrogenesis, and progression of NASH [173]. Here, IL13 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.