Using sequence kernel association analysis, low frequency (0.01 to 0.1 minor allele frequency (MAF)) potentially deleterious variants associated with T2D were identified in 6 genes, including catenin beta 1 (CTNNB1, β-catenin) the key effector of the Wnt pathway, which interacts with the nuclear receptor transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2), the gene most strongly associated with risk of developing T2D worldwide [8]. This evidence concerns the gene TCF7L2 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.