BRAF and melanoma: For example, inhibitors of mutated BRAF, which were initially evaluated for the treatment of melanoma, demonstrated clinically significant efficacy in some hematological malignancies, pediatric tumors, clear cell sarcomas, but turned out to be virtually useless when applied as single-agents to gastrointestinal cancers (Hyman et al., 2015; Protsenko et al., 2015; Dietrich et al., 2016).