MAPT and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: In addition, other putative CSF biomarkers have been reported in patients with ALS, such as phosphorylated tau (pTau), Tau, and the neuroinflammatory factors, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-10, IL-15, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF) (16–19).