Based on this mounting evidence suggesting the role of the inflammasome in PD pathology, one group used rifampicin, a compound with neuroprotective properties, to show that pretreatment with rifampicin prevented rotenone-induced cytotoxicity in microglia by the prevention of NLRP3 activation and consequent caspase-1 activity (Liang et al., 2015). Here, CASP1 is linked to Parkinson disease.