Finally, targeted modulation of NFκB and STAT3 pathways may offer selective protection against neuro-inflammation in dementia, for example using natural and rationally-designed inhibitors of the NFκB pathway (as reviewed, Srinivasan and Lahiri, 2015) and small molecule STAT3 inhibitors which are effective in cancer models (Fletcher et al., 2011). The gene discussed is STAT3; the disease is cancer.