HK1 and HIV-1 infection: In agreement with previous results (14), we observed that HIV-1 infection promoted an increase in glycolysis, as revealed by an increase in the levels of cell surface glucose transporter 1 (Glut-1) (Fig. S1F), glucose uptake (Fig. S1G), hexokinase 1 (HK1) mRNA (Fig. S1H), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity (Fig. S1I), and extracellular acidification (an indicator of lactic acid production and a proxy for glycolysis; Fig. S1J).