In the diabetes group, 67% were on a beta blocker (compared to pre-diabetes 63% and no diabetes 55%, p = 0.01), 61% were on an ACE inhibitor or ARB (compared to pre-diabetes 54% and no diabetes 52%, p = 0.03) and 70% were on a statin (pre-diabetes 52% and no diabetes 44%, p < 0.001). Here, ACE is linked to diabetes mellitus.