Pathological hypertrophy is characterized by ventricular wall thickening, myocardial infraction, cardiomyopathy, or structural heart disease caused by long-term hypertension, which is often accompanied by cardiac systolic dysfunction and myocardial interstitial fibrosis, the re-expression of fetal genes such as ANP, BNP, myosin heavy chain β, and so on [28,29,30,31]. The gene discussed is NPPB; the disease is cardiomyopathy.