Amplification of ELF5 occur in cancers of the upper GI tract (oesophageal and stomach), ovary, head and neck, and breast in 2–6% of cases, while occasional deletions of ELF5 occur in prostate, sarcoma, bladder, and lung cancers as well as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and gliomas (Figure 5). Here, ELF5 is linked to lung cancer.