PKD1 and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: Loss-of-function of polycystin-1 (PC1) or polycystin-2 (PC2), two trans-membrane proteins that form a heteromeric molecular complex in the cilia and plasma membrane, results in the most common life-threatening genetic renal disorder, called Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD), characterized by the formation and development of kidney cysts (Torres et al., 2007).