In addition, it is demonstrated that CMV infection can modify adhesion molecules such as VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1) and ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1) and E-selectin which is related with the increase of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2) activity and fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), that can cause alteration in vessel remodeling, infiltration of inflammatory cells and the development of PE (36, 26). Here, VCAM1 is linked to cytomegalovirus infection.