In a recent study, 2-D DIGE gel electrophoresis coupled with MS and bioinformatics analysis identified serotransferrin (TF), alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor (AMPB) and haptoglobin (α-chain) (HP) as new urinary biomarkers, which could distinguish between BPH and prostate cancer. The gene discussed is AMBP; the disease is benign prostatic hyperplasia.